Tuning quadratic nonlinear photonic crystal fibers for zero group-velocity mismatch

Zero-group-velocity modes in chalcogenide holey photonic-crystal fibers.

We demonstrate that a holey photonic-crystal fiber with chalcogenide-glass index contrast can be designed to have a complete gap at a propagation constant beta = 0 that also extends into the non-zero beta region. This type of bandgap (previously identified only at index contrasts unattainable in glasses) opens up a regime for guiding zero-group-velocity modes not possible in holey fibers with t...

Zero-velocity solitons in high-index photonic crystal fibers

Hydrophobic photonic crystal fibers.

We propose and demonstrate hydrophobic photonic crystal fibers (PCFs). A chemical surface treatment for making PCFs hydrophobic is introduced. This repels water from the holes of PCFs, so that their optical properties remain unchanged even when they are immersed in water. The combination of a hollow core and a water-repellent inner surface of the hydrophobic PCF provides an ultracompact dissolv...

Photonic Crystal Fibers

Photonic crystal fibers are a new class of optical fibers. Their artificial crystal-like microstructure results in a number of unusual properties. They can guide light not only through a well-known total internal reflection mechanism but using also photonic bandgap effect. In this paper different properties possible to obtain in photonic crystal fibers are reviewed. Fabrication and modeling met...

Distinguishing zero-group-velocity modes in photonic crystals

We examine differences between various zero-group-velocity modes in photonic crystals, including those that arise from Bragg diffraction, anticrossings, and band repulsion. Zero-group velocity occurs at points where the group velocity changes sign, and therefore is conceptually related to “left-handed” media, in which the group velocity is opposite to the phase velocity. We consider this relati...