منابع مشابه
Robust Value Function Approximation by Working Backwards
In this paper, we examine the intuition that TD( ) is meant to operate by approximating asynchronous value iteration. We note that on the important class of discrete acyclic stochastic tasks, value iteration is ine cient compared with the DAG-SP algorithm, which essentially performs only one sweep instead of many by working backwards from the goal. The question we address in this paper is wheth...
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Consider the following scheme to solve the sorting problem: given n numbers to be sorted, after the ith of n (1 ≤ i ≤ n), we will make sure that we have i of input numbers in a sorted list. Clearly these i sorted numbers will partition the ranks of the remaining n− i unsorted numbers into i + 1 intervals. The (i + 1)th step consists of choosing one of the n − i unsorted numbers uniformly at ran...
متن کاملPulling backwards
extinguished by the transfer. But the extent of the transformation is not yet clear. “It’s possible that what we are doing is turning everything into an oocyte,” says Gurdon. But he believes that oct4 expression is a good sign that the cells are at least headed toward becoming stem cells. Stem cell characteristics may develop only through sequential inductive events. But the optimists are hopin...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature Reviews Cancer
سال: 2004
ISSN: 1474-175X,1474-1768
DOI: 10.1038/nrc1348