Trpm4 Differentially Regulates Th1 and Th2 Function by Altering Calcium Signaling and NFAT Localization

NFAT Localization Function by Altering Calcium Signaling and Trpm4 Differentially Regulates Th1 and Th2

SLAT regulates Th1 and Th2 inflammatory responses by controlling Ca2+/NFAT signaling.

SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT) is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPases that is upregulated in Th2 cells, but whose physiological function is unclear. We show that SLAT(-/-) mice displayed a developmental defect at one of the earliest stages of thymocyte differentiation, the double-negative 1 (DN1) stage, leading to decreased peripheral T cell numbers. SLAT(-/-) per...

STAT1 in peripheral tissue differentially regulates homing of antigen-specific Th1 and Th2 cells.

Th1 and Th2 effector CD4+ T cells orchestrate distinct counterregulatory biological responses. To deliver effective tissue Th1- and Th2-type responses, Th1 and Th2 cell recruitment into tissue must be differentially regulated. We show that tissue-derived STAT1 controls the trafficking of adoptively transferred, Ag-specific, wild-type Th1 cells into the lung. Trafficking of Th1 and Th2 cells is ...

Th1 and Th2 Cytokine Profiles in Malignant Pleural Effusion

Background: The alteration of Th1 and Th2 cytokine levels is the subject of controversy in pleural effusions caused by malignancy, a situation that favors a Th2 immune response. Objective: To examine the different levels of IL-4 and IL-10 (Th2 cytokines), and IL-2 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (Th1 cytokines) in malignant and non-malignant pleural effusions. Method: The cytokine levels in pleural fl...

Calcium Signaling: Deciphering the Calcium–NFAT Pathway

Rapid cellular calcium oscillations activate gene expression hours later. How this temporal response amplification is achieved has until now been largely a mystery. An elegant combination of experimental strategies and a model that encompasses non-linear inputs and outputs now sheds new light on this long-standing problem.