Transportation Sustainability and Relevant Ranking of European Countries

Introduction: transportation and environmental sustainability

A brief history of transportation and the environment The relationship between transportation, technology and the environment is long standing. In the early 1920s, the car was first viewed as an improvement over the horse-polluted city environment. By the early 1930s, interest in an Interstate Highway System grew as a means to help get cars and trucks out of the mud. But, as automobile ownershi...

the role of russia in transmission of energy from central asia and caucuses to european union

پس ازفروپاشی شوروی،رشد منابع نفت و گاز، آسیای میانه و قفقاز را در یک بازی ژئوپلتیکی انرژی قرار داده است. با در نظر گرفتن این منابع هیدروکربنی، این منطقه به یک میدانجنگ و رقابت تجاری برای بازی های ژئوپلتیکی قدرت های بزرگ جهانی تبدیل شده است. روسیه منطقه را به عنوان حیات خلوت خود تلقی نموده و علاقمند به حفظ حضورش می باشد تا همانند گذشته گاز طبیعی را به وسیله خط لوله مرکزی دریافت و به عنوان یک واس...

Changimg face of central European aquaculture: sustainability issues

Pond aquaculture is the most significant fish production method in central Europe, approximately 70% of the total fish production is originated from traditional fish ponds in this region, which is a resource-saving, ecologically sustainable production method. However, the growth of this sector is not expected because of the low production capacity of valuable fish species and the relatively hig...

Prevalence of hepatitis A across various countries in the Middle East, African and Eastern European countries

Benchmarking Sustainability with Respect to Transportation Supply and Demand

This paper is an endeavor to quantify the concept of sustainable transportation. The prevailing idea in the context of sustainable development (SD) emphasizes on the reduction of transportation demand in order to reduce the environmental and social consequences of it. Nevertheless, in the current paper using a measure for SD, and based on the conformity of the growths of all sectors with transp...