Transitioning to Intellectual Property: How Can the WTO Integrate Least-Developed Countries into TRIPS?

The Economics of Intellectual Property Rights under Imperfect Enforcement: Developing Countries, Biotechnology, and the Trips Agreement

EPTD Discussion Papers contain preliminary material and research results, and are circulated prior to a full peer review in order to stimulate discussion and critical comment. It is expected that most Discussion Papers will eventually be published in some other form, and that their content may also be revised. THE ECONOMICS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS UNDER IMPERFECT ENFORCEMENT: DEVELOPING...

Intellectual Property Rights and Access to Innovation: Evidence from TRIPS∗

We examine the effect of pharmaceutical patent protection on the speed of drug launch, price, and quantity in 60 countries from 2000-2013. The World Trade Organization required its member countries to implement a minimum level of patent protection within a specified time period as part of the TRIPS Agreement. However, members retained the right to impose price controls and to issue compulsory l...

Infringement of Intellectual Property Rights: Developing Countries,agricultural Biotechnology, and the Trips Agreement

P arallel revolutions in molecular biology and intellectual property rights over plant genetic resources helped spur the emergence of agricultural biotechnologies and the introduction of genetically modified (GM) products into the food system. Intellectual property rights create economic incentives for research and development by giving innovators claim to the benefits associated with new techn...

The Effects of Trips-mandated Intellectual Property Rights on Economic Activities in Developing Countries

December 31, 1999, in addition to being the last day of the 20 century, was the deadline for all but the least-developed countries to comply with the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) requirements of the WTO for extending and harmonizing Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Many countries have complied in full while others are in process in some regards, but virtually...

WIPO/ECTK/SOF/01/3.9 : Intellectual Property, Traditional Knowledge and Genetic Resources How Can Asian Countries Protect Traditional Knowledge, Farmers' Rights and Access to Genetic Resources through the Implementation or Review of the WTO TRIPS Agreement