Transglutaminases and receptor tyrosine kinases

Receptor tyrosine kinases in carcinogenesis

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are cell surface glycoproteins with enzymatic activity involved in the regulation of various important functions. In all-important physiological functions including differentiation, cell-cell interactions, survival, proliferation, metabolism, migration and signaling these receptors are the key players of regulation. Additionally, mutations of RTKs or their overe...

Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases.

The protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are enzymes catalyzing the transfer of the gamma-phosphate group of ATP to the hydroxyl groups of specific tyrosine residues in peptides. Although phosphotransfer reactions catalyzed by various PTKs are similar with regard to their basic mechanisms, their biological functions demonstrate a considerable degree of specificity. PTKs are divided into two groups a...

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases — Expanding Horizons

Evolution of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are important molecules for communication of cells in multicellular animals. It is therefore not surprising that the basal metazoans, like Hydra and sponges, already have a well-developed repertoire of RTKs. Even the choanofl agellate Monosiga brevicollis , a unicellular eukaryote from a group of protozoa that are thought to represent the ancestors of metazoa or...

Receptor tyrosine kinases and targeted cancer therapeutics.

The majority of growth factor receptors are composed of extracellular, transmembrane, and cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase (TK) domains. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activation regulates many key processes including cell growth and survival. However, dysregulation of RTK has been found in a wide range of cancers, and it has been shown to correlate with the development and progression of numerous c...