Transcriptome-Based Identification and Characterization of Genes Associated with Resistance to Beta-Cypermethrin in Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Beta-cypermethrin is one of the most widely used pyrethroid insecticides. However, its continuous and extensive use developed pests’ resistance to beta-cypermethrin. To identify candidate genes for potential phenotypes facilitate more targeted studies, we screened out a wide range resistance-related by comparing multiple transcripts before after induction agents. In this study, transcriptomes were compared elucidate mechanisms genetic basis between Rhopalosiphum padi (R. padi) sensitive (SS) resistant (Beta-R) strains beta-cypermethrin (resistance ratio: 4588.48). These two aphids treated with spray solution lethal concentration (i.e., LC50). obtain diverse transcripts, obtained 17,985,440–25,478,353 clean data from different transcript groups, which 17,183 annotated. Subsequently, these divided into groups comparison purposes comprehensive related resistance. There 178 2856 differentially expressed (DEGs) in groups. The DEGs, including enriched ones, classified according GO KEGG Pathway databases. Besides, some drug-resistant DEGs cuticle proteins detoxification metabolic processes. Among them, 17 protein upregulated 20 downregulated, 11 P450 25 7 UGT 15 2 ABC transporter 4 trypsin 1 downregulated. Finally, qRT-PCR confirmed observed trend RNA sequencing expression profile, results consistent (RNA-seq). study are highly significant understanding phenomenon R. other similar wheat aphids, establishing valuable further research complex mechanism