Traits of Adaptive Outdoor Thermal Comfort in a Tropical Urban Microclimate

Urban heat islands (UHIs) are negatively impacting the quality of urban environment and outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) levels, which have raised concerns regarding their impact on health well-being. Understanding OTC level is crucial, particularly in tropical cities with year-round high temperatures humidity. A study was conducted Kuala Lumpur (KL), Malaysia, to determine a selected area through microclimate measurements questionnaire surveys 1157 respondents. Over half dwellers reported discomfort, perceived level, indicating strong adaptive behaviours among despite physiological stress. Confounding factors such as morphology, land cover human activity patterns also influence city. The findings emphasize need for interventions improve promote better city measures green infrastructure, UHI mitigation increasing public awareness.