Trade policy options for export diversification: The case of Mali, Chad, Niger, and Guinea

The landlocked and fragile countries’ ability to create a sustainable path economic growth poverty reduction is inextricably linked their export diversification potential, itself related connectivity within themselves, in the region, other external markets. Mali, Chad, Niger are first challenged by geography—their nature with vast thinly populated space serves isolate most vulnerable communities from internal Adding these geographic disadvantages non-landlocked incentive environment—defined high variable customs common tariff regimes resulting multiple overlapping regional trade arrangements—places wedge between domestic international prices, provides disincentive exports favor of non-tradable domestic-oriented sectors. By bringing greater coherence convergence many operation rationalization structures, improving markets, Niger, Guinea can better promote reallocation resources toward tradable goods services, putting countries on inclusion growth.