Toxins of toxin/antitoxin systems are inactivated primarily through promoter mutations

Promoter-specific hypoacetylation of X-inactivated genes.

The histone H4 acetylation status of the active X (Xa) and inactive X (Xi) chromosomes was investigated at the level of individual genes. A moderate level of acetylation was observed along the lengths of genes on both the Xi and Xa, regardless of their X inactivation status. However, this moderate level of acetylation was modified specifically in promoter regions. Transcriptionally active genes...

TERT promoter mutations are rare in parathyroid tumors.

The majority of parathyroid tumors are benign, and parathyroid carcinomas represent a diagnostic challenge with limited treatment options. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene and cell division cycle 73 (CDC73) are major genes in parathyroid adenomas and carcinomas respectively. However, a large group of parathyroid tumors remain without defined genetic background. Telomeres are chromosome-...

HIV - Promoter Integration Site Primarily Modulates Transcriptional Burst

Key tumor suppressor genes inactivated by “greater promoter” methylation and somatic mutations in head and neck cancer

Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are commonly inactivated by somatic mutation and/or promoter methylation; yet, recent high-throughput genomic studies have not identified key TSGs inactivated by both mechanisms. We pursued an integrated molecular analysis based on methylation binding domain sequencing (MBD-seq), 450K Methylation arrays, whole exome sequencing, and whole genome gene expression arra...

ATP effects on insulin-degrading enzyme are mediated primarily through its triphosphate moiety.

It has been reported previously that ATP inhibits the insulysin reaction (Camberos, M. C., Perez, A. A., Udrisar, D. P., Wanderley, M. I., and Cresto, J. C. (2001) Exp. Biol. Med. 226, 334-341). We report here that with 2-aminobenzoyl-GGFLRKHGQ-ethylenediamine-2,4-dinitrophenyl as substrate, ATP and other nucleotides increase the rate >20-fold in Tris buffer. There is no specificity with respec...