“TO PROHIBIT THEM ALL WITHOUT EXCEPTION ENTERING OUR REALM…”: NAQSHBANDIYA-KHALIDIYA IN KURDISTAN AND DAGESTAN

The article deals with the history of contacts between mountain peoples Caucasus and Kurds Ottoman Empire Persia in 18th - 19th centuries. Using diplomatic other official documents, as well memoirs summarizing results previous studies, analyzes dynamics characteristics these context geopolitical rivalry several empires region. proximity Dagestan Kurdistan, their location at crossroads merchants pilgrims led not only to formation diverse confessional communities, but also strengthening trans-regional ties a result spread spiritual practices, particular Sufi ones. Kurdish-Caucasian played significant role emergence Khalidian branch Naqshbandi tariqa, one most influential traditions Islamic world. territorial expansion Russian first third century its establishing control over number territories Kurdish population, while fears authorities connection Kurdish-Dagestani interaction through “Khalidian” channel during years Caucasian War became reasons for apply administrative measures against Kurds, which laid foundation Russia's future policy towards Kurds. At same time, political significance cross-border solidarity turned out be temporarily limited, proves complicated nature even within framework religious movements sharing single ideology.