Thromboxane A2 receptor subclasses and their new signal transduction pathways

Neutrophil cell surface receptors and their intracellular signal transduction pathways☆

Neutrophils play a critical role in the host defense against bacterial and fungal infections, but their inappropriate activation also contributes to tissue damage during autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Neutrophils express a large number of cell surface receptors for the recognition of pathogen invasion and the inflammatory environment. Those include G-protein-coupled chemokine and chemoat...

Modeling signal transduction pathways and their transcriptional response

Erythrocyte signal transduction pathways, their oxygenation dependence and functional significance.

Erythrocytes play a key role in human and vertebrate metabolism. Tissue O2 supply is regulated by both hemoglobin (Hb)-O2 affinity and erythrocyte rheology, a key determinant of tissue perfusion. Oxygenation-deoxygenation transitions of Hb may lead to re-organization of the cytoskeleton and signalling pathways activation/deactivation in an O2-dependent manner. Deoxygenated Hb binds to the cytop...

Thromboxane A2 Synthase Inhibitor and Thromboxane A2/Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Receptor Antagonist, Versus Aspirin

Background Aspirin, by nonselectively blocking cyclooxygenase both in platelets and in endothelial cells, not only inhibits the thromboxane A2 pathway of platelet activation but at the same time also the generation of vasodilating and platelet-inhibitory prostanoids, such as prostacyclin, by the endothelial cells. Ridogrel, by inhibiting thromboxane A2 synthase and blocking the thromboxane A2/p...

Engineering Signal Transduction Pathways

Cells respond to their environment by sensing signals and translating them into changes in gene expression. In recent years, synthetic networks have been designed in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems to create new functionalities and for specific applications. In this review, we discuss the challenges associated with engineering signal transduction pathways. Furthermore, we address advant...