Three-Factor Kinetic Equation of Catalyst Deactivation

Catalyst deactivation

The fundamentals of catalyst deactivation are presented in this review. The chemico-physical aspects concerning the various deactivation causes (i.e. poisoning, sintering, coking, solid-state transformation, masking, etc.) have been analyzed and discussed, along with the mathematical description of the deactivation phenomena. # 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights

Hydrocracking Lumped Kinetic Model with Catalyst Deactivation in Arak Refinery Hydrocracker Unit

A kinetic model of a fixed bed tubular reactor incorporating catalyst deactivation was developed for the ISOMAX unit of Arak refinery. The kinetic parameters for the hydrocracking reactions over the commercial catalyst were determined using initial activity plant data i.e. when the catalyst is fresh. Catalyst deactivation was then taken into account by means of deactivation function based on pl...

Advances in Catalyst Deactivation and Regeneration

Heterogeneous Catalyst Deactivation and Regeneration: A Review

Deactivation of heterogeneous catalysts is a ubiquitous problem that causes loss of catalytic rate with time. This review on deactivation and regeneration of heterogeneous catalysts classifies deactivation by type (chemical, thermal, and mechanical) and by mechanism (poisoning, fouling, thermal degradation, vapor formation, vapor-solid and solid-solid reactions, and attrition/crushing). The key...

Studying of Catalyst Deactivation in a Commercial Hydrocracking Process (ISOMAX)

Catalyst deactivation is usually indispensable, although the rate at which it occurs varies greatly. At first, this article discusses the causes of deactivation in a commercial hydrocracking unit called Isomax. Then, a 5-lump kinetic model including catalyst decay function for hydrocracking of vacuum gas oil in a commercial plant is proposed. The model considers vacuum gas oil (VGO) having boil...