Thermoacoustic Cryocooler. Cooling of a 1,000 Gallon Liquid Helium Dewar by Pulse-tube Refrigerator.

Development of the Pulse Tube Refrigerator as an Efficient and Reliable Cryocooler

This paper presents a review of the pulse tube refrigerator from its inception in the mid-1960s up to the present. Various factors are discussed which brought it from a laboratory curiosity to the point where it is now the most efficient of all cryocoolers and reliable enough to be used on space missions. Carnot efficiencies as high as about 20% at 80 K and temperatures as low as 2 K have been ...

Effect of Geometric Configuration and Cooling Performance in Stirling- ype Pulse Tube Refrigerator

For a given linear compressor, the geometric configuration of the PTR (pulse tube refrigerator) affects the dynamic behavior of the linear compressor as well as the cooling performance of the PTR. The geometric configuration of each component precisely determines the flow impedance which contains the flow resistance, the inertance effect, and the compliance effect. In this paper, several simula...

Optimizing the Design of a Thermoacoustic Refrigerator

An Efficient Cooling Loop for Connecting Cryocooler to a Helium Reservoir

The magnet system of the VENUS ECR Ion Source at LBNL has two 1.5-watt cryocoolers suspended in the cryostat vacuum. Helium vapor from the liquid reservoir is admitted to a finned condenser bolted to the cryocooler 2 stage and returns as liquid via gravity. Small-diameter flexible tubes allow the cryocoolers to be located remotely from the reservoir. With 3.1 watts load, the helium reservoir is...

Phasor Analysis of Two-stage Gm-type Pulse Tube Refrigerator

A two-stage pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) is the simplest version of a multistage pulse tube refrigerator. A two-stage Gifford-McMahon (GM) has been used for nearly all of the cryopumps. The phasor analysis of the Gifford-McMahan (GM)-type pulse tube refrrigerator (PTR) have not explained detail in the earlier study. In the present work, a detailed mass flow, enthalpy & phasor analysis for a tw...