Thermal effects versus viscoelasticity in ice-rubber friction mechanisms

This work presents an experimental analysis of the friction response ice-rubber interface over five decades sliding velocity and temperature down to − 20 ∘C, combining in-situ contact visualisation simultaneous force measurements. Viscoelastic properties rubber were varied in terms glassy transition elastic modulus. Based on area measurements, adhesive viscoelastic contributions identified. Even though a bell-shape friction-velocity curve was observed, classical WLF transform did not allow description behaviour. A simple analytical model accounting for thermal dissipation induced by thus proposed dimensionless master obtained with velocity, regardless material properties. From this curve, predictive proposed, which both contributions, adhesion-viscoelasticity dissipation, multiplicative rather than simply additive.