منابع مشابه
Understanding speaker-listener interactions
We provide an eclectic generic framework to understand the back and forth interactions between participants in a conversation highlighting the complexity of the actions that listeners are engaged in. Communicative actions of one participant implicate the “other” in many ways. In this paper, we try to enumerate some essential relevant dimensions of this reciprocal dependence.
متن کاملSpeaker and Listener Variations in Emotion Assessment
Introduction In this paper we discuss both the speaker dependent and the listener dependent aspects in the assessment of emotions in speech. These dependencies form a basis to improve current emotion recognition systems as they can be applied in man-machine interaction, for instance. Emotion recognition in speech has gained much attention in recent years [1, 2, 3]. However, human evaluation of ...
متن کاملSpeaker-listener neural coupling underlies successful communication.
Verbal communication is a joint activity; however, speech production and comprehension have primarily been analyzed as independent processes within the boundaries of individual brains. Here, we applied fMRI to record brain activity from both speakers and listeners during natural verbal communication. We used the speaker's spatiotemporal brain activity to model listeners' brain activity and foun...
متن کاملContrastive Intonation: Speaker- or Listener-driven?
The literature suggests that there are two factors that explain why speakers mark contrastive information: either because it is easy for themselves or because it helps their listeners. The present study investigates whether speakers indeed take their listeners’ knowledge into account when prosodically marking contrastive information. A production experiment elicited references to figures (e.g. ...
متن کاملThe speaker as listener: The interpretation of structural regularities in verbal behavior.
Regularities in word order not specifically addressed by Skinner require behavioral interpretation if our field is to become more influential among students of language. Three such phenomena are briefly described in traditional structural terms and are offered as test cases: subtle differences in dative verbs, transformational traces, and the formation of compound nouns. It is argued that the v...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
سال: 1989
ISSN: 0022-5002
DOI: 10.1901/jeab.1989.51-353