The numerical simulation of the generation of lower-band VLF chorus using a quasi-broadband Vlasov Hybrid Simulation code

Abstract In this paper, we perform the numerical modelling of lower-band VLF chorus in earth’s magnetosphere. Assuming parallel propagation 1d3v code has one spatial dimension z along ambient magnetic field, which a parabolic dependence about equator. The method used is Vlasov Hybrid Simulation (VHS) also known literature as Kinetic Phase Point Trajectories (Nunn Computer Physics Comms 60:1–25, 1990, J Computational Phys 108(1):180–196, 1993; Kazeminezhad et al. Rev E67:026704, 2003). straightforward and easy to program, robust against distribution function filamentation. Importantly, VHS does not invoke unphysical smoothing function. Previous versions VLF/VHS had narrow bandwidth ~ 100 Hz, enabled simulation wide variety discrete triggered emissions. present quasi-broadband 3000 far more realistic for its entirety. Further, require artificial saturation, need employ matched filtering accommodate large frequency gradients. aim paper been achieved produce simulations employing systematic triggering input signals, namely key down, single pulse, PLHR, broadband hiss. Graphical