The Impact of Apical Periodontitis and Endodontic Treatment on Salivary Inflammatory Biomarkers: A Longitudinal Study

This study aimed to assess the effect of apical periodontitis and its treatment on profile salivary inflammatory markers investigate correlation with serum markers. Saliva samples were collected from 115 recruited participants. Patients reviewed after 1 2 years following treatment. analysed using Multiplex microbead immunoassay for identifying biomarkers’ profile. Biomarker levels compared against healthy controls at baseline. Longitudinal comparison those was further review appointments correlated size periapical radiolucency, outcome biomarker levels. The cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) vascular adhesion molecules higher appointments. Pre-operative high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) significantly in group than control (p < 0.001). At year, hs-CRP decreased While, years, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 lower baseline = 0.005). Furthermore, post-operative radiolucency several When correlating biomarkers levels, a significant seen FGF-23 0.04) baseline; intercellular molecule (ICAM)-1 0.02) year post-treatment; TNF-α, ICAM-1 E-Selectin post-treatment 0.046; p 0.033; 0.019, respectively). Therefore, his suggests that MMPs reviews are related bone healing remodelling, whereas could be prognostic biomarkers. Correlation some saliva sampling feasible non-invasive option measurement marker levels; however, longitudinal studies required.