THE EARLIEST FINES

The Optimal Use of Fines and Imprisonment

This paper examines the use of tines and imprisonment to deter individuals from engaging in harmful activities. These sanctions are analyzed separately as well as together, first for identical risk-neutral individuals and then for two groups of risk-neutral individuals who differ by wealth. When fines are used alone and individuals are identical, the optimal tine and probability of apprehension...

Avoid Fines by Warming - Up the Machines ∗

A company produces 1000 metal cylinders a day for 10 days. The government Safety Authority will take a random sample of cylinders, take a random sample of locations within each of these cylinders, and test for percentage Nickel (Ni) and percentage Chromium (Cr). For each sample in which the percentages are outside some intervals, they fine the company e1,000,000. If the proportion of percentage...

The earliest knockouts.

The Earliest Matches

Cylindrical objects made usually of fired clay but sometimes of stone were found at the Yarmukian Pottery Neolithic sites of Sha'ar HaGolan and Munhata (first half of the 8(th) millennium BP) in the Jordan Valley. Similar objects have been reported from other Near Eastern Pottery Neolithic sites. Most scholars have interpreted them as cultic objects in the shape of phalli, while others have ref...

The Earliest Report