The Behavioural Neurology of Basal Ganglia Disorders
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
The Behavioural Neurology of Basal Ganglia Disorders
Basal ganglia disorders are common clinical conditions characterised by specific motor dysfunction and associated behavioral problems. The underlying pathophysiology primarily consists in alterations of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical pathways, which can be related to both neurodegenerative pathology (e.g. Parkinson disease, Huntington disease) and neurodevelopmental processes (e.g. Touret...
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Basal ganglia disorders are a heterogeneous group of clinical syndromes with a common anatomic locus within the basal ganglia. To account for the variety of clinical manifestations associated with insults to various parts of the basal ganglia we propose a model in which specific types of basal ganglia disorders are associated with changes in the function of subpopulations of striatal projection...
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In Parkinson's disease the dopaminergic inhibition--mediated by DA2 receptors in the striatum--is reduced. Therefore glutamatergic excitation predominates in the antero-dorsal striatum. In turn the glutamatergic neurons of the subthalamic nucleus become disinhibited. Antagonists of the NMDA-subtype of glutamate receptors injected locally into the glutamatergically innervated nuclei or competiti...
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The pathophysiology of the movement disorders arising from basal ganglia disorders has been uncertain, in part because of a lack of a good theory of how the basal ganglia contribute to normal voluntary movement. An hypothesis for basal ganglia function is proposed here based on recent advances in anatomy and physiology. Briefly, the model proposes that the purpose of the basal ganglia circuits ...
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The basal ganglia (BG) have long been considered a purely motor region of the brain. However, over the last couple of decades it has progressively become clear that BG are central components of different cortical-subcortical circuits, described on a basic level as ‘motor’, ‘oculomotor’, ‘associative’ and ‘limbic’, according to the function of the cortical regions involved [1]. In turn, each cir...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Behavioural Neurology
سال: 2013
ISSN: 0953-4180,1875-8584
DOI: 10.1155/2013/473642