The Architecture Design of Electrical Vehicle Infrastructure Using Viable System Model Approach

Exponential technological-based growth in industrialization and urbanization, the ease of mobility that modern motorization offers have significantly transformed social structures living standards. As a result, electric vehicles (EVs) gained widespread popularity as mode sustainable transport. The increasing demand for has reduced some environmental issues urban space requirements parking road usage. current body EV literature is replete with different optimization empirical approaches pertaining to design analysis ecosystem; however, probing ecosystem from management perspective not been analyzed. To address this gap, paper develops systems-based framework offer rigorous ecosystem, focus on charging station location problems. study includes: (1) examination problem through lens systems perspective; (2) view structure; (3) development reference model stations by adopting viable system model. concludes methodological implications utility managerial insights practitioners stakeholders.