The 2012 Plasma Roadmap

The German Roadmap

Rewriting the lignin roadmap.

Considerable interest in lignin biosynthesis has been fueled by the many roles that lignin plays in development and in resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, as well as its importance to industry and agriculture. Although the pathway leading to the lignin polymer has been studied for decades, new insights into the enzymes of the pathway have required a complete re-evaluation of how we think l...

The Immunotherapy Roadmap.

As new active agents are discovered and approved, it is clear that combinations of these immunotherapies will be needed to reject most human cancers. The era of personalized patient tumor analysis has arrived just in time to guide these combinations.

The ASTRONET Infrastructure Roadmap

The European Respiratory Roadmap

It is clear by now that health policy makers did not devote the deserved attention to respiratory diseases in the last decades. The five most important respiratory diseases (COPD, asthma, lung cancer, pneumonia and tuberculosis) are now responsible for 20% of the mortality worldwide [1,2]. The annual cost associated with these diseases amounts to €100 billion in Europe. Worldwide there are pres...