Systematic Design, Optimization, and Sustainability Assessment for Generation of Efficient Wastewater Treatment Networks

Due to population growth and economic development, there has been an increase in global wastewater (WW) generation footprint. There are different technologies associated with the treatment (WWT) process. The challenge is select that minimize cost of treatment, as well meet purity requirements. Further, a need integrate sustainability analysis facilitate holistic decision. With application systems engineering, sustainable cost-effective solutions can be achieved. In this work, we apply engineering generate solution. A superstructure was generated by categorizing into four stages. After modeling all functional equations for each technology, optimization problem formulated determine best path Mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP), which implements 0–1 binary integer constraint active/inactive at stage used. Sustainability performed representative case study (municipal pharmaceutical WWT) using process index (SPI). total municipal WWT 1.92 USD/m3, while 3.44 USD/m3. WW, reduction over 90% ecological burden based on SPI metric.