Sustainable roll-to-roll manufactured multi-layer smart label

Abstract Sustainability in electronics has a growing importance due to, e.g. increasing electronic waste, and global European sustainability goals. Printing technologies use of paper as substrate enable manufacturing sustainable devices for emerging applications, such the multi-layer anti-counterfeit label presented this paper. This device consisted electrochromic display (ECD) element, NFC (near field communication) tag circuitry, all fully roll-to-roll (R2R) printed assembled on plastic-free substrate, thus leading to recyclable device. Our setup uses harvested energy from HF smartphone or reader, switch an after rectification prove authenticity product. novelty is upscaling process be printable R2R processable high-throughput conditions simulating industrial environment, i.e. pilot scale. The printing workflow 11 layers, done sufficient quality registration. antennas showed sheet resistance values 32.9±1.9 m?/sq. final yield was almost 1500 devices, assembly over 1400 labels were integrated with 96.5% yield. All tags readable mobile phone reader. optical contrast (?E*) measured ECDs 15 displays, progressive switching time colour change visible less than 5 s. smart ITO-free, plastic-free, good stability 50 cycles reversible light dark blue.