Sustainable electrochemical energy storage devices using natural bast fibres

Naturally abundant materials play a crucial role in the development of sustainable electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices including batteries and supercapacitors (SCs). This is due to limited available resources with regards materials, environmental pollution produced by toxic utilized conventional EESs. In current review, field natural bast fibres (jute, flax, hemp kenaf) based EES performances highlighted. review emphasizes methods such as direct use modified activated carbon from biomass for design devices. Activated were developed using both physical chemical activation methods. Key challenges active electrode preparation, capacitive retention, implementation fibre are critically discussed. Furthermore, recent surge wearables portable technologies that demand further flexible/non-flexible also explored. Future trends perspectives on development, power management interface, recycling, biodegradability circular economy addressed. It concluded new renewable systems has many remarkable advances device performance. For this, an innovative approach required develop high density which will be potentially implemented clean solutions.