منابع مشابه
Sumo
believes philosophical investigations are neither superior to, or prior to, investigations in the natural sciences. Concern about free will is one of the key issues behind most of the resistance to materialism generally and neo-Darwinism in particular, he says. Dennett spells out just how the process of natural selection can generate organisms with greater choice in their actions. " We are now ...
متن کاملSUMO targeting of a stress-tolerant Ulp1 SUMO protease
SUMO proteases of the SENP/Ulp family are master regulators of both sumoylation and desumoylation and regulate SUMO homeostasis in eukaryotic cells. SUMO conjugates rapidly increase in response to cellular stress, including nutrient starvation, hypoxia, osmotic stress, DNA damage, heat shock, and other proteotoxic stressors. Nevertheless, little is known about the regulation and targeting of SU...
متن کاملSUMO-conjugating and SUMO-deconjugating enzymes from Arabidopsis.
Posttranslational protein modification by the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is a highly dynamic and reversible process. To analyze the substrate specificity of SUMO-conjugating and -deconjugating enzymes from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), we reconstituted its SUMOylation cascade in vitro and tested the capacity of this system to conjugate the Arabidopsis SUMO isoforms AtSUMO1, 2, a...
متن کاملNoncovalent interaction between Ubc9 and SUMO promotes SUMO chain formation.
The ubiquitin-related modifier SUMO regulates a wide range of cellular processes by post-translational modification with one, or a chain of SUMO molecules. Sumoylation is achieved by the sequential action of several enzymes in which the E2, Ubc9, transfers SUMO from the E1 to the target mostly with the help of an E3 enzyme. In this process, Ubc9 not only forms a thioester bond with SUMO, but al...
متن کاملSUMO Wrestles with Recombination
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) comprise one of the most toxic DNA lesions, as the failure to repair a single DSB has detrimental consequences on the cell. Homologous recombination (HR) constitutes an error-free repair pathway for the repair of DSBs. On the other hand, when uncontrolled, HR can lead to genome rearrangements and needs to be tightly regulated. In recent years, several proteins in...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Molecular Cell
سال: 2005
ISSN: 1097-2765
DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.012