Study of progressive freeze concentration and eutectic freeze crystallization technique for salt recovery

Prevention of Initial Supercooling in Progressive Freeze-concentration.

A physical method is proposed that uses a cooling plate with many small holes to prevent initial supercooling in progressive freeze-concentration, and thus avoid serious contamination of the ice produced. The higher chance for ice nucleation of the water molecules in the holes due to the temperature gradient in the cooling plate resulted in the initial supercooling being completely prevented. A...

Comparative study of three drying methods: freeze, hot air- assisted freeze and infrared-assisted freeze modes

The dehydration tests were conducted at three drying methods to evaluate the drying curves and the energy uptake. Apple (Malus domestica L.) cubes were dried under different processing conditions applying freeze drying (FD), freeze drying assisted by hot air and freeze drying assisted by infrared radiation. Control samples were produced using regular freeze drying without the pre-drying. Hot ai...

Task 2.6: Mechanical Freeze/Thaw and Freeze Concentration of Water and Wastewater Residuals

Effect of Flowrate and Coolant Temperature on the Efficiency of Progressive Freeze Concentration on Simulated Wastewater

Freeze concentration freezes or crystallises the water molecules out as ice crystals and leaves behind a highly concentrated solution. In conventional suspension freeze concentration where ice crystals formed as a suspension in the mother liquor, separation of ice is difficult. The size of the ice crystals is still very limited which will require usage of scraped surface heat exchangers, which ...

Protein freeze concentration and micro-segregation analysed in a temperature-controlled freeze container

To examine effects of varied freezing conditions on the development of spatial heterogeneity in the frozen protein solution, macroscopic freeze concentration and micro-segregation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated in a temperature-controlled 200-ml freeze container. Freezing to -40 °C promoted formation of protein concentration gradients (69-114 μg ml-1) in frozen samples taken fr...