Studies on Aromatic Fluorine Compounds. IV. Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Toluenes and Their Derivatives.

Introduction of fluorine and fluorine-containing functional groups.

Over the past decade, the most significant, conceptual advances in the field of fluorination were enabled most prominently by organo- and transition-metal catalysis. The most challenging transformation remains the formation of the parent C-F bond, primarily as a consequence of the high hydration energy of fluoride, strong metal-fluorine bonds, and highly polarized bonds to fluorine. Most fluori...

Fluorine-containing Elastomers Introduction

A NEW GENERATION OF OXYNITRIDE GLASSES CONTAINING FLUORINE

Oxynitride glasses are found as grain boundary phases in silicon nitride ceramics. They are effectively alumino-silicate glasses in which nitrogen substitutes for oxygen in the glass network, and this causes increases in glass transition and softening temperatures, viscosities (by two to three orders of magnitude), elastic moduli and microhardness. Calcium silicate-based glasses containing fluo...

Synthesis of Indole-Derived Fluorine-Containing Amino Acids

A Brønsted acid promoted direct aminoalkylation of various indoles with trifluoromethyl oxazolidine is described. A catalytic amount of triflic acid provided straightforward access to the corresponding trifluoromethyled amino esters under mild reaction conditions and a short reaction time of 4 h. On further hydrogenolysis and hydrolysis of ester, the synthesis of indole derived unnatural triflu...

[Health effects of fluorine and its compounds].

Fluoride, the ionic form of fluorine, is a natural component of the biosphere and 13th most abundant element in the crust of the earth. It is, therefore, found in a wide range of concentrations in virtually all inanimate and living things. Many trace elements perform a definite function in human metabolism and the question of the value of fluoride, always found in the body, has been raised. Muc...