Structural Elucidation and Antibacterial Activity Studies of Leaf Extracts of <i>Withania somnifera</i>

Withania somnifera (W. somnifera), a small, woody shrub in the Solanaceae family, has been studied using phytochemical test, antibacterial activity and partial characterizations. Air-dried powdered leaves of plant were extracted with maceration over an electrical shaker solvent chloroform methanol. After crude extracts concentrated, diffusion susceptibility test was carried out on 25, 50, 75, 100 mg/mL methanol extract. The bacteria used S. aureus, pneumonia, E. coli, typhi. Each three times. most active extract subjected to fractionation column chromatography. Chloroform inhibits all cultures four bacteria. Both W. Somnifera both gram-positive negative bacterium comparable inhibition zone standard antibiotics, amoxicillin, gentamicin, cefoxitine. In addition, it gives maximum than that starting from 25 mg/mL. Methanol contains phenolic, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phytosteroids. Partial characterization pure fractions by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, Dept-135 NMR, IR spectroscopy, compound WS-1 affords withaferin A. Withaferine A shows 11, 10.5, 9 mm against pneumoniae, typhi respectively.