Strategic Grade Retention

Effect of Grade Retention in First Grade on Psychosocial Outcomes.

In a 4-year longitudinal study, the authors investigated effects of retention in first grade on children's externalizing and internalizing behaviors; social acceptance; and behavioral, cognitive, and affective engagement. From a large multiethnic sample (n = 784) of children below the median on literacy at school entrance, 124 retained children were matched with 251 promoted children on the bas...

Grade retention: historical perspectives and new research.

Third Grade Literacy Policies: Identification, Intervention, Retention

Introduction S tudents not reading proficiently by the end of 3rd grade are four times more likely than proficient readers to drop out of high school. 1 This fact and other recent research on the importance of early literacy skills have culminated in an intense focus on improving 3rd-grade reading proficiency. The challenges of improving literacy are, in turn, causing more state leaders to conf...

A strategic approach to employee retention.

A sound retention strategy should incorporate a business plan, a value proposition, progress measures, and management influences. The business plan will indicate whether a healthcare organization will achieve a return on investment for its effort. A value proposition will showcase an organization's strengths and differentiate it from its competitors. Measuring progress toward meeting retention ...

Psychosocial Fallout from Grade Retention: Implications for Educators

To identify potential counseling needs of grade-retained students, in-depth qualitative interviews with eight adolescent subjects focused on their (and a parent’s) psychosocial responses to being “left behind”. The participants universally reported highly negative developmental changes related to grade retention, including lower self-esteem, social isolation from peers, shame about being older ...