Stochastic Modeling of Plant Virus Propagation with Biological Control

Modeling plant virus propagation with delays

Plants are essential for the survival of many species including man. Unfortunately there are many viruses that cause diseases to both crops and wild plants. In humans and animals, virus propagation can happen by direct contact or through a vector. But in plants, virus propagation can only happen through a vector, usually insects and in particular beetles. After biting an infected plant, the vir...

Stochastic modeling of fatigue crack propagation

This paper presents a stochastic model of fatigue-induced crack propagation in metallic materials. The crack growth rate predicted by the model is guaranteed to be non-negative. The model structure is built upon the underlying principle of Karhunen±Lo eve expansion and does not require solutions of stochastic di€erential equations in either Wiener integral or Itô integral setting. As such this ...

An Overview of Hydroelectric Power Plant: Operation, Modeling, and Control

Renewable energy provides twenty percent of electricity generation worldwide. Hydroelectric power is the cheapest way to generate electricity today. It is a renewable source of energy and provides almost one-fifth of electricity in the world. Also, it generates electricity using a renewable natural resource and accounting for six percent of worldwide energy supply or about fifteen percent of th...

Biological Control of Plant Pathogens

Plant diseases need to be controlled to maintain the quality and abundance of food, feed, and fiber produced by growers around the world. Different approaches may be used to prevent, mitigate or control plant diseases. Beyond good agronomic and horticultural practices, growers often rely heavily on chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Such inputs to agriculture have contributed significantly to...

Biological control of plant diseases