Sterilization of Mules by Ultraviolet Radiation

Sterilization of syringes by infra-red radiation.

more, syringes cannot be sterilized assembled or lubricated, and the syringe containers, whether multiple or single, must be so constructed that steam can freely penetrate to all surfaces of the syringe (Stewart, 1957; Darmady and Hughes, 1955). After sterilization a separate process is necessary to seal the containers before distribution to the user. Although syringes in their containers can b...

Disinfection of sea water by ultraviolet radiation.

Evaluation of solar ultraviolet radiation in Zanjan city using the ultraviolet index

Background and Objective: Monitoring the amount of ultraviolet radiation from sunlight can provide a basis for assessing people's exposure, raise public awareness and warn people against this radiation. Measuring the sun's ultraviolet index over a working period is an accurate choice to achieve this goal. Materials and Methods: In this study, the amount of solar UV index in one of the outdoor ...

Sterilization of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis products by gamma radiation.

This study examines the effect of routine gamma radiation based on cobalt 60 on the viability, mosquito larvicidal activity, and density of bacillus spores in the soil. Although 1 g of unirradiated powder of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) contains on average 6.2 x 10(9) spores, no spores survived radiation doses of 20.6 kGy and higher. Radiation at a dose of 20-25 kGy caused a 20-30% ...

photodegradation of atrazine by ultraviolet radiation in different conditions

background: atrazine is one of the most widely used triazine herbicides which has been used for controlling broadleaf and grassy weeds for many years. its widespread use in water has caused environmental concern because of frequent detection of atrazine in aquatic systems where this herbicide has been spilled. therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the herbicide removal efficienc...