Status of CapercaillieTetrao urogallusin Scotland during winter 2003/04
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The impact and effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination in Scotland for those aged 65 and over during winter 2003/2004
BACKGROUND For winter 2003/2004 in Scotland, it was recommended that all those aged 65 and over be eligible to receive 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (23vPPV), which has been shown to be effective in reducing the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). We assessed the success of the vaccination programme by examining the age specific incidence rates of IPD compared to four p...
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BACKGROUND Infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is almost ubiquitous in humans and generally occurs at two ages: infantile, which is usually asymptomatic and associated with poorer socioeconomic conditions, and adolescent, which causes infectious mononucleosis (IM) in ~25% cases. The determinants of whether the infection causes IM remain uncertain. We aimed to evaluate seasonality and tempor...
متن کاملSero-Prevalence and Incidence of A/H1N1 2009 Influenza Infection in Scotland in Winter 2009–2010
BACKGROUND Sero-prevalence is a valuable indicator of prevalence and incidence of A/H1N1 2009 infection. However, raw sero-prevalence data must be corrected for background levels of cross-reactivity (i.e. imperfect test specificity) and the effects of immunisation programmes. METHODS AND FINDINGS We obtained serum samples from a representative sample of 1563 adults resident in Scotland betwee...
متن کاملTransmission of Schmallenberg Virus during Winter, Germany
To investigate whether the differences in ST observations between bacteremia and urine isolates could be attributable to differences in virulence genes, VAGs of all isolates were screened by multiplex PCR. VAGs were found equally distributed across the 2 populations, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.675). Comparison of serum resistance levels between urine and blood isolates ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Bird Study
سال: 2007
ISSN: 0006-3657,1944-6705
DOI: 10.1080/00063650709461469