Static and cyclic performance of polyurethane foam adhesive bound soil–rubber mixtures under drained conditions

Abstract The major drawbacks of a railway track include noise, vibration, and aggravated degradation. Resilient mats asphalt have been increasingly used in recent years to mitigate this noise vibration. However, these materials are quite expensive. Conventional is very stiff brittle, making it more prone cracking. present work aims develop novel material that can be as base layer ballasted slab tracks. current research proposes sustainable resilient course comprising ground rubber (GR) polyurethane foam adhesive (PFA). In study, the performance GR embedded sand investigated. use PFA-treated with without then explored. optimum dosage PFA for soil treated untreated recommended based on static direct simple shear (SDSS) cyclic (CDSS) tests. SDSS tests were performed evaluate monotonic all mixtures. CDSS assess long-term different mixes under repeated loading (50,000 load cycles) varying stress amplitude. It shown helps reduce settlement enhance strength, while increases damping ratio soil. 10%. content 5 10%, respectively.