Spinel-Ferrite-Decorated Graphene-Based Nanocomposites for Enhanced Photocatalytic Detoxification of Organic Dyes in Aqueous Medium: A Review

The contamination of organic dye molecules in aquatic environments caused by the effluents released from vast industrial establishments has been a matter serious concern recent years, owing to their strong non-biodegradable nature and acute toxicity. Semiconductor-mediated visible-light-driven photocatalytic-dye detoxification is considered as sustainable technique because it abundantly utilizes available solar energy releases environmentally friendly chemicals such H2O byproducts. Adequate textural microstructural properties, an extended visible-light response, pronounced isolation transfer photoinduced charge carriers, facile magnetic-separation characteristics make spinel-ferrite-decorated graphene or its analogues’ (GO/rGO) nanocomposites (MFGNs) versatile photocatalytic system for efficacious dyes. Therefore, this review article emphasizes exceptional photodegradation performance terms systematic studies above-mentioned features, after brief description synthesis protocols. mechanism photodetoxification dyes over MFGNs precisely demonstrated three different sections based on redox abilities. kinetics MFGN-driven photodecomposition are then highlighted. We discuss role parameters pH, temperature, catalyst dose, concentration augmented photocatalytic-dye-degradation reactions. Finally, emerging challenges that act hurdles achieving superior photocatalytic-dye-detoxification addressed, along with conclusion. propose some possible future research directions order overcome these challenges, impressively accomplishing