Species composition of the parasitoid genus <i>Eurytoma</i> (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) varies at a local scale in <i>Diplolepis variabilis</i> (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) galls

Abstract We evaluated the diversity and spatiotemporal emergence patterns of parasitoid wasp species in genus Eurytoma Illiger (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) associated with leaf galls induced by Diplolepis variabilis Bassett Cynipidae) throughout Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada. collected D. region, recorded adult times, extracted mitochondria DNA from a subset emergents, used cytochrome c oxidase 1 b amplificons to assign sampled individuals species. also assayed for bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia evaluate incidence thelytoky . showed an extended period significant right skew male emergence. six species, one which appears be previously undescribed. The greatest occurs north area. Five infection at least some individuals, most abundant widespread imminuta Bugbee, high levels all-female population, strongly indicates endosymbiont-induced thelytoky. Our results demonstrate that gall communities are locally variable, we suggest future studies undertaken quantify variation community composition more local scales than has been past practice.