Special Issues: Environmental Control by Economic Incentives. Economic Instruments in the Environmental Policy of Japan.

Economic Incentives for Environmental Regulation

This paper provides a brief summary of the theory and the reality of economic-incentive approaches to environmental regulation. The paper begins with a derivation of the necessary and sufficient condition for a policy instrument to be cost effective, namely that the instrument induces all sources to abate emissions at the same marginal cost. Subsequent sections introduce economic-incentive poli...

Institutional, Legal, and Economic Instruments in Ghana's Environmental Policy.

/ This paper reviews the state of the environment in Ghana and explores the potential for the use of institutional, legal, and economic instruments in environmental management in the specific context of this developing country.The environmental situation in Ghana is characterized by desertification, land degradation, deforestation, soil erosion, and inadequate water supply in the northern regio...

Environmental /Economic Development Issues In

The role of environmental/economic development issues in the Polish motorway and roads programme shows several similarities with the UK, albeit starting off much later. The paper reviews the development of government policy on these issues in relation to the evolving politics of Poland since 1989. The Socialist (reformed Communist) governments are less interested in environmental issues and arg...

Economic Incentives: Options for Environmental Protection

Environmental policy and the economic downturn

This paper considers how environmental policies should respond to macroeconomic downturns. It first explores the implications of the global economic downturn of 2008-09 for environmental policies, focusing in particular on the example of action against climate change. The arguments for and against activist fiscal policies in general are then reviewed, and the case made that a demand-induced dow...