Solid Acid Hydrolysis for Isolation of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Chitin Nanocrystals – A mini review

Cellulose and chitin are two of the most abundant biopolymer on earth, have been attracted a lot interest from many researchers, especially related to their nanoparticles form. Recently method extract them into nanoscale materials mostly by mineral or liquid acid hydrolysis, such as sulfuric hydrochloric acid. Despite high yield production, disadvantages produced use hydrolysis catalyst, low thermal stability difficult be functionalized due presence sulfate groups, tendency aggregated bare surface charge density, potential excessive degradation cellulose; large amounts effluent will neutralization stage corrosion hazards equipment environment. To overcome drawback those acids, solid can used produce cellulose (CNC) nanocrystals (ChNC). Their ability recrystallize recycle makes more environmentally friendly, furthermore, do esterification chitin. The purpose this paper is provide critical review recent progress since they interesting characterization even some attribute better than conventional method.