Soil Biodiversity as Affected by Different Thinning Intensities in a Pinus laricio Stand of Calabrian Apennine, South Italy

Forest soil biodiversity, which drives natural ecosystem multifunctionality, can be altered by incorrect forestry management practices. Pinus laricio is the most representative and widespread conifer species in Calabria, South Italy, appropriate needed to maintain forest for its great economic value. In Europe, thinning considered effective silvicultural treatment maintain/increase ecological value of coniferous stands. this study, moderate (MT), intense (HT), clear cut (CC) treatments were used manage stands with aim identifying intensity that less detrimental biodiversity. The effects different intensities evaluated, two contrasting seasons (summer winter), on abundance, diversity arthropods, fungi, bacteria colonies as well selected properties (organic matter, humification index, bulk density, pH) related habitability. Results evidenced richness, colonies, properties, changed seasons. Under HT, greatest biodiversity highest amounts found both This study finds evidence Connell’s intermediate disturbance hypothesis, highlighting organic carbon content lowest HT reduced likelihood competitive exclusion between occurring species, thereby promoting high richness diversity. gives insights into relationships understory composition tree abundance community.