Smoking, urinary cotinine levels and incidence of visual impairment
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Relationship between Caregivers’ Smoking at Home and Urinary Levels of Cotinine in Children
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of different smoking behaviors of caregivers on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in children aged 5-6 years in Changsha, China. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, random digit-dial telephone survey of caregivers (n = 543) between August and October 2013. Caregivers' smoking behaviors were collected by a questionnaire. Exposure assessment was based...
متن کاملSelf-reported Smoking and Urinary Cotinine Levels among Pregnant Women in Korea and Factors Associated with Smoking during Pregnancy
This study examined urinary cotinine levels and self-reported smoking among pregnant women in Korea and the factors associated with smoking during pregnancy. The subjects were selected from pregnant women who visited 30 randomly sampled obstetric clinics and prenatal care hospitals in Korea in 2006. Smoking status was determined by self-reporting and urinary cotinine measurement. A total of 1,0...
متن کاملThe urinary cotinine levels of infants and the determinants.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the route of tobacco smoke exposure on urinary cotinine levels of infants. A cross-sectional analysis was done on 254 six-month-old infants. The infants were grouped according to the route of tobacco smoke exposure. The urinary cotinine/creatinine ratios were determined. Forty-nine percent (124/254) of mothers were smokers. Urinary cotinine l...
متن کاملThe Effects of Second-hand Smoke Exposure on Breast Milk Cotinine and Infant Urinary Cotinine
Background & Aims: Exposure to cigarette smoke affects the health of mothers and infants. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of second-hand smoke exposure on breast milk and infant urinary cotinine during breastfeeding. Methods: This cohort study was conducted on 45 breastfeeding mothers and infants exposed to second-hand cigarette smoke (exposed group), and 40 breastfeeding mothe...
متن کاملAssociation of Maternal Smoking With Child Cotinine Levels
INTRODUCTION Our aim was to understand the strength of association between parental smoking and child environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in order to inform the development of future tobacco control policies. ETS was measured using child cotinine levels below the active smoking threshold. METHODS Participants were drawn from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children and inclu...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Scientific Reports
سال: 2021
ISSN: 2045-2322
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79865-z