Small cause, large effect

Effect size – large, medium, and small

The overall purpose of the 'Statistical Points and Pitfalls' series is to help readers and researchers alike increase awareness of how to use statistics and why/how we fall into inappropriate choices or interpretations. We hope to help readers understand common misconceptions and give clear guidance on how to avoid common pitfalls by offering simple tips to improve your reporting of quantitativ...

Externalities Cause Large and Preventable

In traditional economic models, individual utility depends only on absolute consumption. These models lie at the heart of claims that pursuit of individual self-interest promotes aggregate welfare. Recent years have seen renewed interest in economic models in which individual utility depends not only on absolute consumption, but also on relative consumption. In contrast to traditional models, t...

Coexisting large and small vessel disease in patients with ischemic stroke of undetermined cause.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and small vessel disease (SVD) share common risk factors for stroke. We aimed at investigating the association of SVD with cerebral LAA as well as with atherosclerosis in patients with stroke likely to originate from aortic plaques. METHODS We investigated 71 consecutive patients (48 men, mean age 64.2 ± 13 years) with ischemic stroke ...

Cause-Effect Relation Learning

To be able to answer the question What causes tumors to shrink?, one would require a large cause-effect relation repository. Many efforts have been payed on is-a and part-of relation leaning, however few have focused on cause-effect learning. This paper describes an automated bootstrapping procedure which can learn and produce with minimal effort a causeeffect term repository. To filter out the...

Establishing Cause and Effect