Single-cell technologies and analyses in hematopoiesis and hematological malignancies

•Single-cell technologies are expanding rapidly, generating novel experimental and analytical methods.•Hitherto unknown rare hematopoietic subpopulations have been identified characterized at the single-cell level.•Single-cell studies reveal heterogeneity, clonal evolution, resistance to therapy in hematological malignancies. In recent years, emerged as breakthrough techniques that enable characterization of cell populations normal malignant tissue samples will be combined near future with bulk technologies, currently used clinical practice, improve diagnosis, prognosis, search for molecular targets. These methods advantage not masking cell-to-cell variation features involve study genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional, proteomic landscapes from a perspective. Latest advances this field enabled development strategies significantly increase both sensitivity high throughput. review, we emphasize emerging aimed assessing individual or multiomic parameters resolution analyze how these helped us understand variability identify and/or subpopulations. We also summarize impact profiling on diversity within tumor evolution multiple malignancies untreated treated patients, which provide valuable information treatments explain why current therapies may fail. However, despite improvements, new challenges lie ahead. Traditional differentiation processes system has relied do consider providing measurements pooled (bulk) data represent an average gene expression patterns genomic thousands even millions cells [1Stubbington MJT Rozenblatt-Rosen O Regev A Teichmann SA. 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