Short-Term Biochemical Biomarkers of Stress in the Oyster Magallana angulata Exposed to Gymnodinium catenatum and Skeletonema marinoi

Bivalves accumulate toxins produced by microalgae, thus becoming harmful for humans. However, little information is available about their toxicity to the bivalve itself. In present work, physiological stress and damage after ingestion of toxic dinoflagellate species (Gymnodinium catenatum) a diatom (Skeletonema marinoi, which non-toxic humans but may be grazers) in oyster Magallana angulata are evaluated against control treatment fed with chlorophyte Tetraselmis sp. Oysters were exposed two hours concentration 4 × 104 cells/L G. catenatum 2 107 S. marinoi. The biomarkers superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-Transferase, total Ubiquitin (Ubi) Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) assessed. exposure M. lead reduction SOD AchE activity ubiquitin concentrations when compared treatment. Moreover, it increased CAT adductor muscle, maintained its other tissues tested. This related combination reduced metabolism deployment detoxification processes. marinoi also decrease all tested gills digestive glands. Therefore, both caused alterations exposure.