Shaping Morphogen Gradients by Proteoglycans
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Shaping Morphogen Gradients
Shh activity and at different distances from the source. The proper functioning of tissues and organs requires These observations provide unequivocal evidence that that each cell differentiate appropriately for its position. Shh acts directly on distant cells and therefore that Shh In many cases, the positional information that instructs forms a morphogen gradient in the developing neural cells...
متن کاملShaping BMP morphogen gradients through enzyme-substrate interactions.
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) regulate dorsal/ventral (D/V) patterning across the animal kingdom; however, the biochemical properties of certain pathway components can vary according to species-specific developmental requirements. For example, Tolloid (Tld)-like metalloproteases cleave vertebrate BMP-binding proteins called Chordins constitutively, while the Drosophila Chordin ortholog, Sh...
متن کاملScaling of morphogen gradients.
Individuals of the same or closely related species can vary substantially in size. Still, the proportions within and between tissues are precisely kept. This adaptation of pattern with size termed scaling, is receiving a growing attention. We review experimental evidence for scaling, and describe theoretical models for mechanisms that scale morphogen gradients. We particularly note the Expansio...
متن کاملRegulation of organ growth by morphogen gradients.
Morphogen gradients play a fundamental role in organ patterning and organ growth. Unlike their role in patterning, their function in regulating the growth and the size of organs is poorly understood. How and why do morphogen gradients exert their mitogenic effects to generate uniform proliferation in developing organs, and by what means can morphogens impinge on the final size of organs? The de...
متن کاملDo morphogen gradients arise by diffusion?
Many patterns of cell and tissue organization are specified during development by gradients of morphogens, substances that assign different cell fates at different concentrations. Gradients form by morphogen transport from a localized site, but whether this occurs by simple diffusion or by more elaborate mechanisms is unclear. We attempt to resolve this controversy by analyzing recent data in w...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1943-0264
DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a002493