Sex Dimorphism in Muscle Damage–induced Inflammation

Introduction The purpose of this study was to determine the effect resistance exercise (RE)-induced hormonal changes on intramuscular cytokine gene expression after muscle damage in untrained men and women. Methods Men (n = 8, 22 ± 3 yr) women 19 1 completed two sessions 80 unilateral maximal eccentric knee extensions followed by either an upper body RE bout (EX) or a time-matched period (CON). Muscle samples (vastus laterals) were analyzed for mRNA interleukin (IL) 6, IL-10, IL-15, TNFA, TGFB, CCL2, CD68 at PRE, 12 h, 24 h session. Results A significant time-sex-condition interaction found TGFB with increase EX from PRE. For EX, also greater than h. Significant time-sex condition-sex interactions IL-10 that lower CON men. TNFA time-condition decrease CON. time IL6 CCL2 Conclusions suggest seem have muted (i.e., TNF-α, TGF-β) response compared