Serologic and molecular studies to identify neonatal alloimmune neutropenia in a cohort of 10,000 neonates

Neonatal alloimmune neutropenia (NAIN) is caused by maternal alloimmunisation to fetal human neutrophil antigens (HNAs). This study investigated HNA/HLA alloantibodies involved with NAIN and identified the frequency of in Brazilian neonates. (neutrophil count < 1.5 × 109/L) was samples from 10,000 unselected neonates, resulting 88 neutropenic newborns (NBs) their 83 mothers. Genotyping performed PCR-SSP (HNA-1/-4) PCR-RFLP (HNA-3/-5). Serologic studies were GAT (granulocyte agglutination test), Flow-WIFT (white blood cells immunofluorescence test) LABScreen-Multi-HNA-Kit (OneLambda®) (LSM). 88/10,000 (0·9%) NBs. revealed 60·2% maternal-fetal HNA incompatibilities (31·8% for HNA-1; 14·8% HNA-3; 15·9% HNA-4; 21·6% HNA-5). 37·3% mothers positive results at least one technique. The detected anti-HNA specificities confirmed eight cases related HNA-1/-3 systems. In HNA-4/-5 incompatibility, no specific found but anti-HLA I/II present. Anti-HNA-2 not identified. a large which investigation antibodies against all five systems showed 8/10,000 Among identified, we highlight anti-HNA-1d anti-HNA-3b, unusual alloimmunised women, rarely cases.