Self-discharge study of lignin/graphite hybrid material electrodes

Abstract Lignin has been proposed as electricity storage materials due to the redox activity of quinone (Q) and hydroquinone (QH2) groups, which can be formed in lignin. Scalable low-cost lignosulfonate (LS)/graphite hybrid material electrodes have developed. It is important investigate self-discharge mechanism for these since a high rate was observed, results loss energy density power density. In this work, measurements models are applied clarify LS/graphite electrodes. A combination diffusion controlled, activation controlled charge equilibration mechanisms indicated during process at different charging voltages, faradaic reactions Q/QH2 confined Our work contributes deeper understanding structure biopolymer/graphite