Seed coating as a delivery system for the endophyte Trichoderma koningiopsis Th003 in rice (Oryza sativa)

Seed coating is a technique to cover seeds with external agents upgrade their performance, handling, and plant establishment. Plant beneficial microbes (PBMs), such as growth-promoting bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, other fungi (e.g., Trichoderma spp.), decrease agrochemical inputs, enhance tolerance biotic-abiotic stresses, increase essential nutrition. The demand for pre-treated delivery systems biological advancing. Here, seed formulation containing koningiopsis presented. physicochemical characterization of the prototypes included drying protector screening, effect inoculum concentration on survival, assessment microbial release profiles in soil extract, tissue colonization capability under semi-controlled conditions. Gelatine pectin, two tested protectors, maintained fungus germination after 60 days at 18 °C significantly higher values up 38% compared control. initial 106 colony-forming units (CFU) per undergoes positive survival over time. Regarding colonization, establishes endophytically rice. In conclusion, promising alternative sp., maintaining cell further promoting establishment rice systems. Key points • Enhancing T. formulates approach Colonization capacity formulated