Sandwich layered double hydroxides with graphene oxide for enhanced water desalination

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are a class of two-dimensional (2D) clay compounds that consist positively charged host layers and exchangeable interlayer anions. The stability their assemblies in aqueous environment is challenge due to the extremely high hydrophilicity, which limits use membrane-based technologies. Here, we propose graphene oxide (GO) armour protection strategy substantially improve LDH membranes solution. sandwich structured GO/LDH/GO (GLGMs) possess negative-positive-negative charge heterojunction vertical direction effectively blocks transport both cations anions, i.e., NaCl, but allows permeation water molecules. Following this mechanism, GLGMs used for desalination forward osmosis mode. A rejection rate over 95.2% NaCl flux 2.1 L m?2 h?1 achieved with simulated seawater.