منابع مشابه
Minimizing Running Costs in Consumption Systems
A standard approach to optimizing long-run running costs of discrete systems is based on minimizing the mean-payoff, i.e., the long-run average amount of resources (“energy”) consumed per transition. However, this approach inherently assumes that the energy source has an unbounded capacity, which is not always realistic. For example, an autonomous robotic device has a battery of finite capacity...
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Recent empirical research suggests that understanding a counterfactual event (e.g. 'If Josie had revised, she would have passed her exams') activates mental representations of both the factual and counterfactual versions of events. However, it remains unclear when readers switch between these models during comprehension, and whether representing multiple 'worlds' is cognitively effortful. This ...
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In the first UK study to examine feasibility and acceptability of universal adolescent hepatitis B vaccination, the costs associated with the administration and uptake (80.2 and 89.3% for three doses and at least two doses, respectively), of a three-dose regimen in pupils in Glasgow schools (2001/2002) were measured. These data were used to estimate the economic outlay for the delivery of a rou...
متن کاملMetabolic Responses to Exercise THE EFFECTS OF RUNNING SPEED ON THE METABOLIC AND MECHANICAL ENERGY COSTS OF RUNNING
THE EFFECTS OF RUNNING SPEED ON THE METABOLIC AND MECHANICAL ENERGY COSTS OF RUNNING. Chad Harris, Mark Debeliso, Kent J. Adams. JEPonline. 2003;6(3):28-37. This study assessed the influence of speed on the metabolic and the mechanical cost to run a given distance. Trained male runners (n=12) performed 2 treadmill run trials of 8 min duration at each of 6 speeds (range 2.33 to 4.0 m/s). Oxygen ...
متن کاملCosts of Choices 1 Running Head: PSYCHOLOGICAL COSTS OF CHOICES The Psychological Costs of Ever Increasing Choice: A Fallback to the Sure Bet
Two studies examine how the content of decision makers’ preferences may be affected by the provision of more rather than fewer choices. Evidence from controlled and naturalistic experiments support the hypothesis that, in the presence of a greater number of options, decision makers exhibit a preference for less risky alternatives. Drawing upon the natural variation in fund offerings that were a...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Experimental Biology
سال: 2006
ISSN: 1477-9145,0022-0949
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.02303